RIVERS OF BANGLADESH

 Principal rivers of Bangladesh : there are hundreds of big and small rivers in our country.the principal rivers are the padma ,the meghna the jamun, the dhaleswari,the teesta ,the mahananda, the madhumati ,the kacha, the pashur, the surma, the karnafuli etc.

Gifts of rivers : The beautiful cornfields of Bangladesh are the gifts of her rivers. the rivers the beautiful cornfields of Bangladesh are the gifts of her rivers .the rivers bring enough silt and make the soil fertile both irrigation and manuring are done by these rivers.

A great source of wealth : our rivers are a source of wealth. They are the best home for many kinds of fishes, birds and plants that are rich in food value. The padma, the meghna, the kacha and some other rivers are the home of the proverbial hilsha fish. The fish caught in the rivers meets our local need and we also export fish to foreign countries. Fishing solves our unemployment problem to some extent. A lot of birds like cranes, storks, sandpipers, ducks, pankauris etc. live in the rivers. They make nice enjoyable dishes. Our rivers also abound in other water foods like ‘shaluk’ ‘paniphal’etc.

FLOWERS OF BANGLADESH

Everybody loves flowers. A flower is a thing of beauty. A thing of beauty is a joy for ever. Bangladesh  is a land of flowers. Many kinds of flowers bloom all the year round. There are different kinds of flowers. They differ in size shape, color and smell. The rose is the best of all flowers. It is called the queen of flowers. People like it for its sweet scent and beauty.

Colorful flowers bloom in this season. Krishnachura, palash, shimul and champa are the best known fine spring flowers. The sheoli is the queen of autumn. It is small in size. It is white in color and looks very charming. Marigold is the flower of winter. It is yellow and golden in color and looks beautiful.

Some flowers bloom at night. The rajanigandha, the gandharaj, the bokul and jui bloom at night.they spread sweet scent at night. Some flowers bloom in water. The lotus and the lily grow in watery places. Shapla in our national flower. It grows everywhere in plenty. It is white with pinks. Kalmi also grows in watery places.

Flood bangladesh

Cyclone,a frequent natural disaster : Bangladesh lies in the tropical region and its land is low. Almost every year cyclone or storm hits our land in summer or in the late autumn. Intense heat causes depression in the bay of bangle. Resulting in a severe cyclonic storm which advances rapidly and hits the off-shore islands and the mainland of Bangladesh. The havoc caused by the cyclone is beyond description . almost everything that comes within its sweep is destroyed or carried away. Houses and buildings are blown down, giant trees are uprooted. On occasions the cyclone is attended with tidal bore. Thousands of people are swept away by the strong current of water of the tidal bore and countless heads of cattle are killed. Loss of property runs to hundreds of crores of taka. People who survive this severe calamity lose all their belongings and live a vary wretched life. The cyclone known as sedor caused a devastating havoc in November,2007 killing thousands of people and livestock, damaging house, crops, trees in the coastal belt of southern part of Bangladesh.

Flood,almost an annual affair : torrential rains and rush of water from the upper north bring about flood almost every year. The rivers overflow their banks. Fields of crops go under water. Te floods in 1954, 1970, 1972, 1974, 1987 and 1988 caused a huge loss of life and property. On all occasions flood water reached up to the top of houses. People took shelter on tree tops. Railway lines and embankments. Hundreds of people turned homeless and shelter less and became wretched specimens of ill-clad and hungry humanity.

  

Drought and farakka barrage : drought in summer causes damage to crops almost every year. Te system of irrigation is not adequately developed in our country. Indiscriminate chopping of trees for fuel has turned apart of the country into rainless desert land. Over and above this, the construction of the farakka barrage across the ganges in west Bengal by India has dealt a heavy blow to our economy and upset the ecological balance of a large region of our country. The diversion of the ganges water has created serious problems for Bangladesh. She has to depend now on India and nature for water. Overflow of which causes severe floods and non-availability of which causes drought. Both are damaging the economic base of Bangladesh and also affecting the ecological balance of the country. The abnormal decrease in the flow of the ganges water in the dry season owing to India’s withdrawal of it not only affects its navigability, but also causes the surface and ground water levels to fall abnormally, particularly in the northern districts. This has a very adverse effect on the irrigation system and on the flora and fauna of the region. Our people have to struggle against this calamity also.      

THE SATGOMBUZ MOSQUE

Khan jahan ali’s mazar : the mazar of khan jahan ali stahds on a raised ground. The tomb is made of cut stones. It cannot be accurately said wherefrom these stones were brought. People say that the pir brought these stones from Chittagong by floating on water. But such stones are not available there. On the tomb there are inscriptions in Arabic. On the night of the full noon of the month of chaitra a big fair is held beside the  mazar. faqirs and other sufi like people gather here and pass the whole night singing mystic songs.

Khan jahan ali’s tank : there is a big lake like tank in front of the mazar. it has several crocodiles in it. People believe that if they appease the hunger of these crocodiles with hens, cocks or goats, they would have the besire of their heart fulfilled. Whenever anybody makes such offering the care-taker of the mazar call out the crocodiles shouting “kalapar” “dhalapar” came! Within a few minutes the crocodiles make their appearance and swallow the offering. we stayed here about two hours and then left for satgambuz. Thes is about two miles away from the mazar.

The satgambuz : the satgambuz is a large building. It stanbs on sixty stone pillars with its seventy-seven gambuz or domes and not ‘sat’ or sixty gambuz, as the name indicates. Some say that it was used as a mosque by pir khan jahan ali. Others say that it was used as a darbar by the mughal governor of the place. But it is associated more with pir khan jahan ali’s name than with the name of the governor. It attracts a large number of tourists and visitors every year.The Shatgombuj Mosque is a 15th century Islamic edifice situated in the sububs of Bagerhat on the edge of the Sundarbans, some 175 km southwest of Dhaka. It is an enormous Moghul architectural site covering a very large area. The Mosque is unique in that it has sixty pillars, which support seventy-seven exquisitely curved domes that have worn away with the passege of time. The mausoleum of the city's founder, kKhan Jahan Ali can be found nearby. With the declaration of the mosque as a World Heritage Site,it is hoped that this beautiful architectural monument will be preserved from futher deac 

Nature of working class in Bangladesh

There can be no study of industrial relations without an analysis of industrial workers, who are the prime-movers of commerce and industry. Working class is made up of people who earn livelihood by selling physical or manual labor. This working class cannot control other factors of production such as land, capital and machinery. The owners buy their labor for a price, which is known as pay or wages. Carl Marx called the proletariat section of the community as working class.

The organized working class in Bangladesh is not very large. The country has long been ruled by the foreigners who did not set up strong industrial base in the country. They used it as a source of raw materials. In spite of limitations a good number of industries have been established since 1950. Most of the workers have come from the rural areas. Their socio-economic conditions are very poor. Most of them are living below the poverty level. Government has not yet formulated a sound labor policy to protect and promote the interest of the working class. Rather government takes the side of the employers in the name of capital accumulation and industrial development. The working class is living from hands to mouths.

THE NATUREAL BEAUTIES OF BANGLADESH

Natures playground : Bangladesh is nature’s playground. Her tropical climate brings for her abundance of sun shined, on the one hand, and copiousness of cloud and rain, on the other hand. There is always the play of light and shade in the land. She enjoys the pleasures of sunny weather, luxury of colors and throws an appeal of an unending  ocean of greenery. A land of perpetual verdure her beauties in the richness and variety of flora and fauna are simply enchanting.

Scenic beauties : Bangladesh is a land of

scenic beauties. Her green fields and fields overflowing with golden crops, the spotlessly blue and cloudy sky, her moonlit and pitch-dark night-all these present scenes of romantic charm and beauty. The chirping of the birds in the morning, the brilliant rays of the morning sun, the twilight of autumn and spring, the glow of the setting sun on the broad expanse of the sea and the river, the moon with her balmy flood of light and the innumerable twinkling stars in the night sky have made Bangladesh a land of romance and beauty. Each of her different natural regions has its special charm and beauty there are a good many places in Bangladesh with uncommon scenic beauty which captivates the lovers of beauty. cox’bazar, kaptai, sylhet and the sundarbans, among others, are blessed with the most enchanting natural beauty.

Beauties of river-scenes : then come the river –scenes of Bangladesh. Few sight on earth can compare in variety and beauty with the sight of a river in Bangladesh. At different times of the day it resents different scenes .the banks of the river present an unbroken view of a variety of sights which entertain the eyes. Then the grand spectacle that the river offers on a moonlit night is simply bewitching. All around there is a deep silence which is now and then broken by the splashing dip of oars and the songs pf boatman. The board bosom of the river flashes like silver in the flood of moonlight.

Beauties of seasonal cycle : in Bangladesh six seasons in their distinctive robes come in procession play and go. in summer, heat is intense but there are come in procession, play and go. in summer, heat is in intense, but there are the gifts of delicious fruits. In the rainy season floods occur but it is the season which is at the root of all verdure or greenery .in autumn there is the play of  hide and seek among the clouds, the blue sky and the enchanting moonlight at night.in late autumn nature smiles with the dew-drops in the morning. In winter fields full of winter crops and golden rice ready for reaping present a panoramic view. Last of all comes the spring with all its variety of colour, music and smell and makes Bangladesh the queen of all beauties.